{"id":10958,"date":"2025-12-30T16:27:53","date_gmt":"2025-12-30T16:27:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mollekuqja.mk\/?p=10958"},"modified":"2026-03-05T11:19:19","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T11:19:19","slug":"rritja-e-femijeve-me-pasoja-afatgjate-dhe-ende-ne-kurriz-te-nenave-shteti-nuk-po-ben-mjaftueshem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mollekuqja.mk\/en\/rritja-e-femijeve-me-pasoja-afatgjate-dhe-ende-ne-kurriz-te-nenave-shteti-nuk-po-ben-mjaftueshem\/","title":{"rendered":"Raising children brings long-term consequences and still falls on the shoulders of mothers, the state is not doing enough"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Around 36% of women in North Macedonia leave their jobs or remain outside the labor market in order to care for their children. The main reason for this is the lack of institutional conditions for childcare for children under the age of six, who number more than 75,000 nationwide. According to experts, this causes long-term consequences not only for families on a personal level, but also for society as a whole.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a study conducted online by the Center for Equality and Justice (CEJ), 646 people were surveyed and four focus groups with parents were held, confirming that the lack of a childcare system is the main reason why women withdraw from the labor market.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cA total of 36% of mothers, compared to 2% of fathers, responded that they care for children up to the age of two during working hours. The lack of kindergartens to care for children under the age of six directly affects women\u2019s inactivity in the labor market and their economic empowerment.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Institutional childcare for children under the age of six does not meet the needs of every child. More than 75,000 children are not included in the system before the age of six.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cOfficial data show that the country has limited coverage of childcare for children up to the age of six, with a total of 36,291 children in care, or 34.5% of children aged 0 to 6 and 45.5% of children aged 3 to 6. This means that 75,874 children in the country remain excluded from preschool education.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Economics expert Abil Baush explains that this phenomenon, which pushes women out of the labor market and stems both from social norms and the inadequacy of public services, leads to what is known as the <\/span><b><i>penaliteti gjinor i kujdesit (care penalty).\u00a0<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThis situation reinforces structural gender inequality, where women are economically \u2018penalized\u2019 for their reproductive and caregiving roles. In economic terms, this is known as the \u2018care penalty,\u2019 which manifests in lower wages, weaker participation in the labor market, and deep inequalities in long-term economic security.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although this phenomenon may seem to affect only parents and the immediate family, Abil Baush lists the loss of productivity and GDP, labor shortages, lower tax revenues, and pressure on the state budget as economic consequences faced by North Macedonia.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cWhen 36% of women leave the labor market for caregiving reasons, the consequences for the economy of North Macedonia are multiple and serious:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ekonomia humb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb kapitalit njer\u00ebzor. Grat\u00eb jan\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb arsimuara, por mosaktivizimi i tyre n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs ul: produktivitetin total, potencialin p\u00ebr rritje t\u00eb BPV-s\u00eb dhe kthimin nga investimet publike n\u00eb arsim.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">North Macedonia is already facing labor shortages, and excluding women due to caregiving responsibilities worsens this deficit and makes the economy less competitive.<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fewer employed women means less income tax, fewer social contributions, and greater dependence on social transfers.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b><i>UNEMPLOYMENT AS A FORCED CHOICE FOR WOMEN<\/i><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Women staying at home is not an economic choice, but a symptom of the failure of public policies on childcare and gender equality. Women should have the opportunity to become mothers without giving up the roles they previously held, especially their careers and employment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One victim of a system that has failed to enable this is M.\u00c7. She told Moll\u00ebkuqja that the lack of conditions allowing her to be both a mother and employed pushed her out of the labor market.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cI decided to leave my job because there was no one to take care of my children while I was at work. The lack of a kindergarten has a huge impact because you are forced to stay at home and not work. There is no other alternative unless you have help from family members. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I felt useless despite taking care of both children and fulfilling other obligations. This situation had a very negative effect on me and my mental health.\u201d <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When asked whether she would work if childcare support were available, she responds decisively in the affirmative.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cYes, as long as I had the opportunity, I would definitely work.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mirvete Alili, a mother of four daughters, also chose to leave her job to care for her children because she did not trust institutional childcare.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIt has always been important for me to dedicate myself 100% to my family and my daughters, to be present both in their upbringing and education. I did not have full trust in the safety and care that could be offered to my children in North Macedonia, so my decision was firm to take their care upon myself.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<h4><b><i>MATERNAL UNEMPLOYMENT INCREASES POVERTY RATES<\/i><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regardless of whether they live in urban or rural areas, women are the ones who care for children and do not work, but the difference lies in the duration of unemployment and its impact on economic conditions, says Dimovska.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThe difference is that unemployment among women in rural areas is more long-term, considering that in urban areas a higher percentage of children start attending kindergarten, while in rural areas this opportunity does not exist. This particularly affects the family\u2019s financial situation, as well as the support the family can provide to help the child reach their full potential.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An increase in the number of children is directly proportional to a deepening of poverty within the family. Dimovska links this to women\u2019s unemployment.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cStatistically, as the number of children in a family increases, the poverty rate also rises. This situation is directly influenced by the unemployment of mothers who have to care for preschool children. This certainly affects women\u2019s careers, their economic power, and their financial independence.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, leaving the labor market does not affect only financial independence. Abil Baush emphasizes that women in such situations face long-term losses.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cFrom an economic perspective, women leaving the labor market due to the lack of nurseries and the high costs of childcare creates structural and long-term losses, not only personal but also societal. They face:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Cumulative income losses over their entire working life cycle;<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Career interruptions and loss of professional experience and skills;<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lower pensions due to lost years of contributions;<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<li><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Greater economic dependence, especially in cases of divorce, partner unemployment, or economic abuse.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conservative narratives argue that when women stay at home and care for children, families actually save on expenses such as nursery or other childcare costs. Baush challenges these views, arguing that in the long term, the losses families incur from women\u2019s non-employment are greater than the savings from institutional childcare.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIn the short term, some families may perceive themselves as being financially \u2018better off\u2019 by avoiding payments for nurseries or private kindergartens. But economic analysis shows that long-term losses clearly outweigh short-term savings. Real losses include the loss of a full or partial salary, loss of career progression, and a higher risk of poverty.\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By withdrawing from the labor market, women not only lose financial independence and further advancement, but also become more vulnerable to domestic violence.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h5><strong><em>This material is completely or partly financed by UK International Development and The Kvinna till Kvinna Foundation, that do not necessarily agree with the opinions expressed within. The author alone is responsible for the content.<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rreth 36% e grave n\u00eb RMV heqin dor\u00eb nga vendi i pun\u00ebs ose q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrkujdesur p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre. Arsye kryesore p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e kushteve nga ana institucionale p\u00ebr kujdes p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ende nuk kan\u00eb mbushur mosh\u00ebn gjasht\u00eb vje\u00e7are, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb total jan\u00eb mbi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":10959,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[344],"tags":[20,24],"class_list":["post-10958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pertej-siperfaqes","tag-femije","tag-nena"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Rritja e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve me pasoja afatgjate dhe ende n\u00eb kurriz t\u00eb n\u00ebnave, shteti nuk po b\u00ebn mjaftuesh\u00ebm - Moll\u00ebkuqja<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mollekuqja.mk\/en\/rritja-e-femijeve-me-pasoja-afatgjate-dhe-ende-ne-kurriz-te-nenave-shteti-nuk-po-ben-mjaftueshem\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rritja e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve me pasoja afatgjate dhe ende n\u00eb kurriz t\u00eb n\u00ebnave, shteti nuk po b\u00ebn mjaftuesh\u00ebm - Moll\u00ebkuqja\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rreth 36% e grave n\u00eb RMV heqin dor\u00eb nga vendi i pun\u00ebs ose q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrkujdesur p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre. 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